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考研英语阅读:《经济学人》读译参考TEXT 687

来源:passxmu.com   作者:聚英厦大考研网  浏览:1039  发布时间:2019/7/23

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经济学人:治愈艾滋病:英国病人(2)

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The newly reported patient, treated by Ravindra Gupta of University College, London, and his colleagues,had Hodgkin's lymphoma and underwent a stem-cell transplant for this in 2016.As in Mr Brown's case, the cell donor had inherited the protective mutation from both parents.

 

译文

 

最新报道中的病人,由伦敦大学学院的Ravindra Gupta及同事进行治疗,这名病人患有霍奇金氏淋巴瘤并且在2016年因此接受干细胞移植。如布朗的案例一样,这名细胞捐赠者从父母那里继承了保护性突变。

 

Sixteen months later, as they describe in Nature, the patient's doctors withdrew the HIV-controlling drugs and watched.There was no resurgence of the virus, as would be usual if those drugs were withdrawn from any other HIV patient.Nor has there been any change in the patient's HIV status in the 18 months since the drugs' withdrawal.

 

译文

 

16个月后,正如他们在《自然》期刊中所述,这名病人的医生撤回了控制HIV的药并进行观察。病毒没有复苏,通常撤回其他HIV病人的用药后,病毒会再复苏。自停药以来的18个月内,病人体内的HIV状态也没有发生任何变化。

 

In cases like this doctors are loth to use the word “cured”, since the future is unpredictable and the mechanism involved serves only to break HIV's reproductive chain, not to purge the virus from the body entirely.They talk instead of patients being "in remission".

 

译文

 

在类似案例中,医生都不愿使用“被治愈”这一词,因为未来不可测而且其中涉及的机理仅起到了打破HIV再生链的作用,并非完全清除了体内的病毒。因而他们说病人在“缓解期”。

 

Nevertheless, the experience of the person who will probably come to be known as the London patient is important.It shows that Mr Brown's case was not a fluke.Which gives comfort to those working on the idea of editing protective mutations into stem cells drawn from people with HIV,and then returning the edited cells to the patient.This would avoid the risks of rejection that come with transplants from donors.

 

译文

 

然而,这个可能将被称为伦敦病人的经历非常重要。他的经历表明布朗的案例并非侥幸。对于那些致力于将保护性突变编辑进HIV患者的干细胞中然后将干细胞输送回病人体内的工作人员而言,这给了他们安慰。这将避免捐赠者移植出现排斥的风险。

 

Most researchers in the field are proceeding cautiously, testing their results on mice, and with some success.But this is an area that can encourage overreach.The gene-edited-baby scandal which happened in China late last year was, according to those involved,an attempt to engineer the relevant mutation into people from birth.

 

译文

 

该领域的大部分研究人员正在谨慎地继续在老鼠身上测试他们的结果,并且取得了一些成功。但这是一个可以鼓励超越的领域。据涉及者称,去年年底中国的基因编辑婴儿丑闻是将相关突变设计至初生儿体内的一种尝试。

 

Such overreach aside, even if the editing of blood stem cells could be made to work reliably,transplanting them back into people would probably remain a rare procedure——for the methods used to kill a patient's existing bone marrow make such transplantation dangerous in and of itself.But it would at least be available as a treatment of last resort for those with forms of HIV that have developed resistance to drugs.And that would save some lives.

 

译文

 

抛开这种超越不说,即便血干细胞的编辑实施可靠,将它们移植到人体中也可能是一个罕见的过程——因为就其本身而言,用于杀死病人体内现有骨髓的方法让这种移植非常危险。但它至少可以用作抗药HIV病人的最后治疗手段。这将拯救一些人的性命。

 

注释

 

1.undergo 经历

 

New recruits have been undergoing training in recent weeks.

 

新兵们最近几周一直在接受训练。

 

2.donor 捐赠者

 

Doctors removed the healthy kidney from the donor.

 

医生从捐献者体内取出了健康的肾脏。

 

3.reliably 可靠地

 

It's been working reliably for years.

 

它多年来运转一直很稳定。

 

4.resistance 抵抗力;免疫力

 

This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch, as most people have a natural resistance to it.

 

这种病令人惊讶的难以患上,因为大多数人对它有一种先天的免疫力。





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