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经济学人: 巴托比专栏: 英国熟练技工移民窘境 (1)

Britain's future relationship with Europe is still uncertain after the overwhelming defeat of Theresa May's deal in Parliament on January 15th.The worry for many British employers is that further messy negotiations and hostile political rhetoric will make it ever harder to attract skilled European workers.

英国与欧洲未来的关系仍是个未知数，此前1月15日，特雷莎·梅的脱欧协议在议会遭惨败。很多英国雇主担心更加混乱的谈判和敌对的政治高调将更加难以吸引技术娴熟的欧洲员工。

A sharp decline in the number coming is visible.Surveys of airport passengers show that net EU immigration in the 12 months to June 2018 added up to an estimated inflow of 74,000 people,compared with 189,000 in the year before the June 2016 Brexit referendum.But those figures do not make any distinction between skilled and unskilled workers.

在不久的将来，这个数字的急剧下降是肉眼可见的。班机乘客调查表明到2018年6月为止的12个月内，净欧盟移民流入估计增至74,000人，而在2016年6月脱欧公投之前，该数字为189,000。但是那些数字并没有对技术娴熟和缺乏技能的工人做出任何区分。

An alternative approach is to look at data compiled by LinkedIn, a website that is used by more than 590m workers worldwide,mostly well-paid white-collar ones, to share contact details and employment histories. All LinkedIn users record their location when they join.These data can be analysed to measure the attractiveness of the British labour market in two ways.

一种可替代方法是观察领英网站编辑的数据，全世界有5.9亿工作者使用该网站，其中大部分都是高薪白领，他们在此分享联系方式以及工作经历。所有的领英用户在加入时都会标明他们的位置。可以将这些数据进行分析，并用两种方法估量英国劳工市场的吸引力。

First, they can be used to see if members in other countries are searching for jobs in London (the most attractive British city for overseas workers).The numbers show a clear, but not catastrophic, decline in Britain's appeal.London at the start of 2016 was the target of 15% of job hunts by workers from other countries in the EU; the proportion has since fallen to 12.6%.Rival European cities, such as Amsterdam, Paris and Berlin, have all increased their share of job searches to compensate for London's decline.But Europeans have not been discouraged altogether from moving across the Channel. London remains the most popular city for job searches.

首先，它们可以被用于观测其他国家的会员是否在搜索伦敦地区的工作（伦敦是最吸引海外员工的英国城市）。数字表明英国的吸引力出现了明显但并不惨淡的下降。2016年年初，来自欧盟其他国家的15%的求职者以伦敦为目标，后来这个比例降到了12.6%。欧洲竞争城市，如阿姆斯特丹、巴黎和柏林，均增加了他们的求职比例以弥补伦敦的下降。但是欧洲人并没有因此打消跨越英吉利海峡的念头。伦敦仍是最受欢迎的求职城市。

Another way of looking at the numbers is to see how many LinkedIn members move to a new country (this relies on the workers updating their profiles).On this basis, there was a fairly sharp, 10% decline in the number of EU citizens shifting to Britain in 2017, followed by a rebound back to 2016 levels last year.But the fall and rebound are not adjusted for the fact that LinkedIn membership has increased by over a quarter since 2016.Britain has lost "market share" of skilled immigration, attracting 20.8% of intra-EU moves in 2018, down from 23.6% in 2016.

观测数字的另一种方法是看有多少领英会员搬去一个新的国家（这要依靠员工们更新自己的资料）。以此为基础，出现了一个骤变，2017年搬到英国的欧盟市民人数下降10%，去年刚回弹至2016年水平。但是下降和回弹并没有考虑到自2016年起领英会员增加超过四分之一。英国已经失去了熟练技工移民的“市场份额”，吸引欧盟内部求职者人数从2016年的23.6%降至2018年的20.8%。

1.add up to 总计为

Ignoring others does not add up to doing them harm

忽略其他人不会增加伤害他们的伤害

2.compile 汇编

No one seems to compile statistics on the standing-desk trend

似乎没有人可以在服务台的趋势上收集统计数据.来源于《WSJ》

Look at European and World capitals and compile a map

看看欧洲和世界各国的首都，编一张地图。来源于《BBC》

3.catastrophic 极糟的

The change could have catastrophic consequences for marine life

气候变化可能对海洋生物造成灾难性后果。来源于《BBC》

4.compensate for 弥补

Set your rates to compensate for that unbilled time

设置您的费率以补偿未开票的时间。来源于《WSJ》

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